Collection 接口是 List、Set 和 Queue 接口的父接口,该接口里定义的方法 既可用于操作 Set 集合,也可用于操作 List 和 Queue 集合。
JDK不提供此接口的任何直接实现,而是提供更具体的子接口(如:Set和List)实现。
在 Java5 之前,Java 集合会丢失容器中所有对象的数据类型,把所有对象都 当成 Object 类型处理;从 JDK 5.0 增加了泛型以后,Java 集合可以记住容 器中对象的数据类型。
add(Object obj)
addAll(Collection coll)
int size()
void clear()
boolean isEmpty()
boolean contains(Object obj):是通过元素的equals方法来判断是否是同一个对象
boolean containsAll(Collection c):也是调用元素的equals方法来比较的。拿两个集合的元素挨个比较。
boolean remove(Object obj) :通过元素的equals方法判断是否是要删除的那个元素。只会删除找到的第一个元素
boolean removeAll(Collection coll):取当前集合的差集
boolean retainAll(Collection c):把交集的结果存在当前集合中,不 影响c
boolean equals(Object obj)
Object[] toArray()
hashCode()
iterator():返回迭代器对象,用于集合遍历
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举例;
public class CollectionTest {@Testpublic void test1(){Collection collection = new ArrayList();//add(Object e):将元素e添加到集合collection中collection.add("AA");collection.add("AA");collection.add("BB");collection.add(123);//自动装箱collection.add(new Date());//size():获取添加的元素的个数System.out.println(collection.size());//addAll(Collection collection1):将collection集合中的元素添加到当前的集合中Collection collection1 = new ArrayList();collection1.add(111);collection1.add("CC");collection.addAll(collection1);System.out.println(collection.size());System.out.println(collection);//clear():清空集合元素collection.clear();//isEmpty():判断当前集合是否为空System.out.println(collection.isEmpty());}
}
运行结果如下所示

我们将collection.clear();注释。运行结果如下

例2
import org.junit.Test;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;/*** Collection接口中声明的方法的测试*/
public class CollectionTest {@Testpublic void test1(){Collection collection = new ArrayList();collection.add(123);collection.add(456);collection.add(new String("Tom"));collection.add(false);Person p = new Person("Jerry", 20);collection.add(p);//contains(Object obj):判断当前集合中是否包含objboolean contains = collection.contains(123);System.out.println(contains);//trueSystem.out.println(collection.contains(new String("Tom")));//trueSystem.out.println(collection.contains(p));//true}
}
Person类
import java.util.Objects;public class Person {private String Name;private int age;public Person() {super();}public Person(String name, int age) {Name = name;this.age = age;}public String getName() {return Name;}public void setName(String name) {Name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Person{" +"Name='" + Name + '\'' +", age=" + age +'}';}
运行:

运行结果为true,说明调用了equals()进行判断
我们添加collection.add(new Person("Tom",20));再运行System.out.println(collection.contains(new Person("Tom", 20)));结果就变成了false
我们需要重写Person类的equals()
import java.util.Objects;public class Person {private String Name;private int age;public Person() {super();}public Person(String name, int age) {Name = name;this.age = age;}public String getName() {return Name;}public void setName(String name) {Name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Person{" +"Name='" + Name + '\'' +", age=" + age +'}';}@Overridepublic boolean equals(Object o) {if (this == o) return true;if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;Person person = (Person) o;return age == person.age && Name.equals(person.Name);}@Overridepublic int hashCode() {return Objects.hash(Name, age);}
}
运行:

我们在来看几个方法
代码如下:
package com.dai.java;import org.junit.Test;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;public class CollectionTest {@Testpublic void test1(){Collection collection = new ArrayList();collection.add(123);collection.add(456);collection.add(new String("Tom"));collection.add(false);Person p = new Person("Jerry", 20);collection.add(p);collection.add(new Person("Tom",20));//1.contains(Object obj):判断当前集合中是否包含obj//我们再判断时辉调用obj对象的equals()boolean contains = collection.contains(123);System.out.println(contains);//trueSystem.out.println(collection.contains(new String("Tom")));//trueSystem.out.println(collection.contains(p));//trueSystem.out.println(collection.contains(new Person("Tom", 20)));//false//变成true,重写equals()//2.containsAll(Collection collection):判断形参collection中所有元素是否都存在与当前集合中Collection collection1 = Arrays.asList(123,456);collection.containsAll(collection1);}
}
运行结果:

再来看一下删除
boolean remove(Object obj) :通过元素的equals方法判断是否是要删除的那个元素。只会删除找到的第一个元素
@Testpublic void test2(){//3.remove(Object obj):从当前集合中移除obj元素Collection collection = new ArrayList();collection.add(123);collection.add(456);collection.add(new Person("Jerry", 20));collection.add(new String("Tom"));collection.add(false);collection.remove(123);System.out.println(collection);collection.remove(new Person("Jerry",20));System.out.println(collection);}
运行结果如下:

boolean removeAll(Collection coll):取当前集合的差集
@Testpublic void test2(){//3.remove(Object obj):从当前集合中移除obj元素Collection collection = new ArrayList();collection.add(123);collection.add(456);collection.add(new Person("Jerry", 20));collection.add(new String("Tom"));collection.add(false);// collection.remove(123);
// System.out.println(collection);collection.remove(new Person("Jerry",20));System.out.println(collection);//removeAll(Collection coll1):从当前集合中移除coll1中所有的元素Collection coll1 = Arrays.asList(123,4567);collection.removeAll(coll1);System.out.println(collection);}
}
运行结果如下:

retainAll(Collection coll1):交集:获取当前集合coll1集合的交集,并返回给当前集合
@Testpublic void test3(){Collection collection = new ArrayList();collection.add(123);collection.add(456);collection.add(new Person("Jerry", 20));collection.add(new String("Tom"));collection.add(false);//5.retainAll(Collection coll1):交集:获取当前集合coll1集合的交集,并返回给当前集合Collection coll1 = Arrays.asList(123,456,789);collection.retainAll(coll1);System.out.println(collection);}
运行结果:

集合是否相等 :boolean equals(Object obj):要想返回true,需要当前集合和形参集合的元素都相同
@Testpublic void test3(){Collection collection = new ArrayList();collection.add(123);collection.add(456);collection.add(new Person("Jerry", 20));collection.add(new String("Tom"));collection.add(false);//5.retainAll(Collection coll1):交集:获取当前集合coll1集合的交集,并返回给当前集合
// Collection coll1 = Arrays.asList(123,456,789);
// collection.retainAll(coll1);
// System.out.println(collection);//6.equals(Object obj):Collection coll1 = new ArrayList();coll1.add(123);coll1.add(456);coll1.add(new Person("Jerry", 20));coll1.add(new String("Tom"));coll1.add(false);System.out.println(collection.equals(coll1));}
运行结果:

如果我们将123和456调换一下位置:

获取集合对象的哈希值 hashCode()
@Testpublic void test4(){Collection coll = new ArrayList();coll.add(456);coll.add(123);coll.add(new Person("Jerry", 20));coll.add(new String("Tom"));coll.add(false);//7.hashCode():返回当前对象的哈希值System.out.println(coll.hashCode());}
运行结果:

转成对象数组Object[] toArray()
@Testpublic void test4(){Collection coll = new ArrayList();coll.add(456);coll.add(123);coll.add(new Person("Jerry", 20));coll.add(new String("Tom"));coll.add(false);//7.hashCode():返回当前对象的哈希值System.out.println(coll.hashCode());//8.集合 ---> 数组:toArray()Object[] arr = coll.toArray();for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {System.out.println(arr[i]);}}
运行结果如下:

拓展:数组 ---> 集合:调用Arrays类的静态方法asList()
@Testpublic void test4(){Collection coll = new ArrayList();coll.add(456);coll.add(123);coll.add(new Person("Jerry", 20));coll.add(new String("Tom"));coll.add(false);//7.hashCode():返回当前对象的哈希值System.out.println(coll.hashCode());//8.集合 ---> 数组:toArray()Object[] arr = coll.toArray();for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {System.out.println(arr[i]);}//拓展:数组 ---> 集合:调用Arrays类的静态方法asList()List list = Arrays.asList(new String[]{"AA", "BB", "CC"});System.out.println(list);}
运行结果:

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结论: 向Collection接口的实现类的对象中添加数据obj时,要求obj所在类重写equals()
感谢观看!!!